What is the initial stage of the general adaptation syndrome when the body perceives a stressor?

The initial stage of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is the alarm stage, which occurs when the body first perceives a stressor. In this stage, the body recognizes the threat, triggering a series of physiological responses intended to prepare the body for "fight or flight." This involves the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the release of stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol.

During the alarm stage, the body's immediate reactions include an increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and heightened alertness. These responses are crucial for survival, as they prepare the individual to confront the threat or escape from it.

Understanding the alarm stage is essential in recognizing how stress affects the body and mind in various situations. Following this initial response, the body enters the resistance stage, where it attempts to adapt to the stressor, and if the stress continues without resolution, it may eventually lead to the exhaustion stage, where resources become depleted. The recovery phase is not formally part of the GAS model but is more about returning to homeostasis after stressors are removed or managed.